Engine



Patented Au 23, 11932 UNITED s'rA s HOWARD M. LEONARD, OF SOUTH BENIi,.INDIANA, ASSIGNOR, I BY MESNE ASQIGN mars-r IBENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE Enema This invention relates toengines, and is illustrated as embodied in a two-cycle engine of the Dlesel type. An object of the invention is to provide simple means for securing the high pressures necessary in an engine of this type, and improved means for injecting e fuel, preferably by arranging a fuelfeeding plunger for movement in the cylinder head along an axis parallel to the axis of the engine cylinder. I also prefer to form a recess in-the head of the engine piston, into which projects that part of the cylinder head which carries the fuel-feeding means, so that the fuel may be injected laterally into the annular space so formed.

The above and other objects and features of the invention, including various novel and desirable details of construction, will be ap parent from the following description of the illustrative embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

The figure is a vertical section throughthe upper part of the engine, centrally of the engine cylinder.

The illustrated engine is of the two-cycle type, and includes a water-jacketed cylinder 10, and an engine piston 12 operating the usual crankshaft finot shown). A cylinderhead 14 is detacha 1y secured injany desired manner to the end of the engine cylinder 10.

Preferably the center of the cylinder-head 14' is formed witha downwardly-extending cylindrical projection 16, the lower end of which'is shown as a detachable plate 18, and

which. projects into a corresponding recess inpiston 12 when the piston is at the upper end of its stroke.

The compression space, aside from. that provided by the annular clearance space above 40 piston 12 about the projection 16, and the clearance between-the piston andthe plate 18, is provided by cutting away piston 12 at 20, opposite a discharge openi or series of openings 20 extending lateral through the side of projection 16 from a plunger cylinder containing a fuel-feeding plunger 22' formed with a passage 24 from its lower end which registers with opening 20 when'the plunger is at the lower end of its stroke.

A. groove or elongate d fuel reservoir 26 is' formed on the lower face of the projection 16, and between that. projection and plate 18, the groove bein arranged to intersect the lower end of the p unger cylinder. A fuel passage 28, communicating with groove 26, is controlled by a valve 30, which may be operated by the suction of plunger 22 against the resistance of the valve "spring 32, or which may be mechanically operated by a suitable camshaft if preferred.

Plunger 22 is reciprocated by means operated by a suitable cam or eccentric on a shaft 7 driven by the engine crankshaft, in any usual manner.

In operation, just before the end of' the power stroke of piston 12, plunger 22 is raised until it clears the passage 20, and during this movement of the plunger the fuel is fed from passage 28, either by the action of the suction from plunger 22 acting on the valve 30 or by the mechanical operation of the valve. As soon as plunger 22 clears passage 20 the plunger cylinder below the plunger is filled with intensely hot exhaust gases, which vaporize the charge of fuel, already highly heated by contactwith plate 18.

Just before piston 12 reaches the upper end of its compression stroke, or just as it reaches that position, plunger 22 is forced downwardly, compressing the mixture of exhaust gases and fuel somewhat more highly than the air at that time compressed in the engine cylinder. As passage 24 registers with passage 20, the mixture of exhaust gases and vaporized fuel rushes into the engine cylinder, at once ignites, and forces piston 12 downwardly on its power stroke.

While one illustrative embodiment has been described in detaihit is not my intention to limit the scope of the invention to that'par-. ticular embodiment, or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein having a recessed head, a cylinder head having a boss adapted to engage the recess, a plunger cylinder in the boss, a passage from the plunger cylinder to the engine cylinder, a chamber in the boss communicatingwith the plunger cylinder, a fuel feeding plunger movablein the plun er cylinder, a passage in the plunger cylin er adapted to connect the chamber with the first mentioned passage at the end'of the compression stroke 5 of the plunger and means for feeding fuel to the chamber. I 2. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein having a recess in the head thereof, a cylinder head having a boss 1 adapted to engage the recess, a plunger cylinder in the boss parallel to the axis of the engine cylinder, a passage connectin the plunger cylinder to the engine cylin er, a plate secured to that portion of the boss 15 adapted to en age the recess in the engine piston, a cham er between the boss and late communicatin with the plunger cylin er, 'a fuel feeding p unger movable 1n the plunger cylinder, a passage in the plunger connectmg 2 the chamber with the first mentioned passage at the end of the compression stroke of the plun er, and means for feeding fuel to the cham r. In testimony whereof I have hereunto $6 signed-my name. Y

HOWARD M. LEONARD. 

